#Mental age divided by chronological age series#

(mental age divided by chronological age) x 100 The original formula for calculating IQ was: The term 'intelligence quotient' was first coined in 1912 by German psychologist, William Stern in reference to the intelligence tests developed by psychologists Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon, who wanted to identify students that needed special help with the school curriculum. IQ stands for Intelligence Quotient, although it originally referred to the first intelligence scale, developed by French psychologist, Alfred Binet, to measure mental ability in children, it is now used in conjunction with several intelligence scales and is a considered a general indicator of intelligence. 'For practical purposes, therefore, the WISC is just a measure of academic skills,' Jencks concludes in his book 'Rethinking Social Policy.IQ is a numerical score based on standardised tests which attempt to measure intelligence The ability of the WISC IQ test to predict a child's academic success depends almost entirely on the traditionally designed verbal section rather than the more offbeat block-building type exercises, notes Northwestern University sociologist Christopher Jencks. Ceci considers IQ tests no different than achievement tests. The more time a child spends in school, the higher the child's IQ score is likely to be, and IQ scores drop after summer vacation, according to Stephen Ceci, a professor of developmental psychology at Cornell. Some social scientists have challenged the notion that IQ scores are innate, immutable tests of a person's intelligence. * Are IQ tests valid measures of intelligence? It is rare for someone who scores in the gifted range to score below average later and vice versa. For example, if an 8-year-old scores at a 'mental age' of 10 years, psychologists would predict that his mental age will continue to be about one-fourth greater than his chronological age, yielding a constant IQ of 125. Theoretically, a person's IQ remains constant as he or she ages. IQ scores are highly correlated with children's later academic performance and may be used to predict the rate at which a child will learn in the future. The child may be asked to arrange a group of pictures to tell a logical story or to reassemble blocks in a pattern demonstrated by the questioner. The performance section tests visual and nonverbal reasoning abilities. Many of the questions resemble typical classroom quiz questions in those subjects. The verbal section includes a vocabulary test, a test of verbal analogies, tests of arithmetic reasoning and general information. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), a widely administered version of the individual IQ test, is divided into a 'verbal' section and a 'performance' section.

#Mental age divided by chronological age series#

In the individual format, a psychologist queries the child or adult orally on a series of subtests. In a group situation, the test looks like a standardized multiple choice test. IQ tests may be administered to an individual one at a time or to a group, such as a classroom, a company's employees or a group of Army recruits. Children with IQs below about 70 are considered mentally retarded by most school systems. An IQ of 130 or higher is generally considered in the gifted range, and one from 140 up is in the 'genius' category, according to some psychologists. If a person's mental and chronological ages are the same, the IQ will be 100, which is considered average. The resulting quotient is then multiplied by 100. The IQ score is calculated by dividing an individual's 'mental age,' which is based on the number of test items answered correctly by an average person of a given age, by his or her chronological age. IQ stands for Intelligence Quotient, a score derived from a standardized test.